Penjing (Chinese: 盆景; pinyin: pén jǐng; literally "tray scenery"), also known as penzai (Chinese: 盆栽; pinyin: pén zāi; literally "tray plant"), tray landscape, potted scenery, potted landscape, and miniature trees and rockery is the ancient Chinese art of growing trees and plants, kept small by skilled pruning and formed to create an aesthetic shape and the complex illusion of age. Penjing generally fall into one of three categories classified by subject matter: Tree Penjing, Landscape Penjing, and Water and Land Penjing. Japan's bonsai tradition (bonsai being the Japanese pronunciation of penzai) is derived from penjing.

Generally speaking, the primary visual differences between the two forms is that bonsai traditionally tend to be more simplified in shape (more "refined" in appearance) with larger-in-proportion trunks and planted in containers whose lines are basic with muted, earth-tone colors. In contrast, penjing tend to be designed in a wider range of shapes (more "wild-looking") and can be planted in brighter colored and more creatively-shaped pots. Distinctions between the two forms have been blurred by some practitioners of these arts outside of Asia as the enthusiasts explore the local potentials of both plant and pot materials with less strict adherence to traditional styling and display guidelines.